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Top Countries with Populations Exceeding 100 Million in 2025
1. India Continues Its Demographic Leadership
India remains the most populous country in the world, with a staggering population of approximately 1.48 billion residents in 2025. The nation’s rapid population growth underscores persistent demographic trends that influence its economy, labor market, and urban development. With over a billion people, India faces ongoing challenges and opportunities in healthcare, infrastructure, and social services, all while striving for sustainable growth.
2. China Maintains Its Global Population Rank
Holding steady at about 1.41 billion people, China remains a key player on the world demographic stage. Despite slow growth and aging population concerns, China still boasts the largest urban populations and continues to influence global manufacturing and trade. Recent policy adjustments aim to manage demographic shifts, including support for larger families.
3. The United States Surges Past 340 Million
The United States is now home to roughly 349 million people in 2025. The nation’s diverse population, fueled by migration, continues to drive cultural evolution and economic innovation. Urban centers like New York, Los Angeles, and Houston remain vibrant hubs of activity, reflecting the country’s melting pot nature. Population growth in the U.S. has been steady, with recent trends showcasing increased interest in regional development.
4. Indonesia’s Population Approaching 290 Million
Indonesia ranks as Southeast Asia’s most populous nation, with an estimated population of nearly 288 million. Its demographic trend underscores rapid urbanization and youth-driven growth. Indonesia’s vast archipelago presents unique challenges for infrastructure and governance while also offering immense potential for economic expansion.
5. Pakistan’s Population Nearing 260 Million
With approximately 259 million residents, Pakistan’s demographic trajectory continues upward. The country faces complex issues related to education, healthcare, and resource management. Rapid population growth places ongoing pressure on agriculture and urban infrastructure, sparking discussions for sustainable development.
6. Nigeria: Africa’s Most Populous Country
Nigeria’s population has soared past 242 million, solidifying its position as Africa’s demographic giant. The nation’s youthful population fuels a vibrant economy but also strains social services and employment opportunities. Urban areas such as Lagos and Abuja are growing rapidly, becoming key economic centers.
7. Brazil Remains Among the Largest Countries
Brazil’s population has reached about 213 million, maintaining its spot among the world’s top populated countries. While growth has slowed compared to previous decades, Brazil faces challenges related to inequality, urbanization, and environmental sustainability, especially in the Amazon region.
8. Bangladesh’s Population Approaching 178 Million
Bangladesh has seen steady growth, with around 178 million inhabitants in 2025. Its dense population demands innovative solutions in healthcare, sanitation, and education. Dhaka, the capital, continues to expand as a major urban hub in South Asia.
9. Russia’s Population Stabilizes at Over 143 Million
Russia’s population is approximately 143 million. After years of decline, recent demographic stabilization efforts aim to boost birth rates and counteract aging. Russia’s vast territory and resource wealth remain critical to its geopolitical strategy.
10. Ethiopia’s Population Surpasses 139 Million
Ethiopia continues to grow rapidly, with a population estimated at nearly 139 million. Its young demographic profile holds promise for economic development, but also requires major investments in healthcare, education, and infrastructure to support continued growth.
11. Mexico’s Population Exceeds 133 Million
With over 133 million residents, Mexico remains Latin America’s most populous country. Urban regions in Mexico City and Guadalajara experience continual expansion, demanding expanded services and sustainable urban planning.
12. Japan’s Population Slightly Below 122.5 Million
Japan’s population decline has slowed, with an estimated population of about 122.4 million. The aging population presents ongoing challenges for the workforce and social security systems, prompting innovations in robotics and elder care.
13. Egypt Surpasses 120 Million Residents
Egypt’s population has grown to roughly 120 million. The country faces demands for improved infrastructure, healthcare, and employment opportunities, especially in the bustling city of Cairo, which is rapidly expanding.
14. Philippines’s Population Reaches 118 Million+
The Philippines now has a population of approximately 117.7 million. Its vibrant young population drives economic activity and cultural development, while its geography requires resilient infrastructure approaches.
15. Democratic Republic of the Congo Approaching 117 Million
The DRC’s population has reached around 116.5 million, making it Africa’s fastest-growing country at the moment. This growth brings opportunities but also significant challenges in peacekeeping, education, and health services.
16. Vietnam Continues Its Demographic Rise
Vietnam’s population has now climbed to over 102 million. Rapid urbanization, especially in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi, emphasizes the need for sustainable urban planning to accommodate this rising population.
The figures depict a world where demographic shifts profoundly affect geopolitical, economic, and social landscapes. Monitoring these trends helps nations plan better for the future, addressing challenges while unlocking the potential of their growing populations.
Source: World Population Review 2025
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