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Researchers at the Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems (MPI-IS) have made a groundbreaking advancement in robotic technology with the introduction of hexagon-shaped modular components, known as HEXEL modules. This innovative design allows for the rapid assembly and reconfiguration of high-speed robots, akin to the versatility of LEGO bricks. The findings, led by Christoph Keplinger and his team from the Robotic Materials Department, are set to be published in the prestigious journal Science Robotics on September 18, 2024.
Each HEXEL module features a lightweight exoskeleton constructed from six rigid glass fiber plates, providing the necessary structure and durability. At the core of these modules are advanced artificial muscles known as hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators. By applying high voltage, these artificial muscles activate and enable the hexagonal joints to transform from elongated shapes to broader, flatter forms.
The unique combination of soft and rigid elements within the modules facilitates impressive movements and speeds. “By linking multiple modules together, we can generate new robot forms that can adapt to diverse operational requirements,” explains Ellen Rumley, a visiting researcher from the University of Colorado Boulder and co-first author of the upcoming publication.
Demonstrations by the research team showcase the diverse capabilities of the HEXEL modules. In one instance, a collection of these modules maneuvers through a narrow passage, while a single unit performs rapid jumps into the air. Additionally, when configured into larger assemblies, the modules can achieve distinct motion patterns based on their arrangement—one such example being a robot capable of rolling at high speeds.
Zachary Yoder, also a co-first author and Ph.D. student at MPI-IS, emphasizes the practicality of this modular approach. “Developing robots with adaptable designs is not only innovative but also sustainable. Instead of investing in multiple specialized robots for various tasks, users can construct a multitude of configurations using a common set of components. This flexibility can be especially advantageous in environments where resources are scarce,” he notes.
The emergence of HEXEL modules represents a significant leap forward in robotics, promising enhanced functionality and efficiency while paving the way for future developments in modular design. As the research team continues to explore the potential of these innovative components, the horizons of robotics are broadening, ushering in a new era of adaptability and sophistication.
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